NBC baseline
The National Building Code sets minimum requirements for barrier-free parking quantity, dimensions, and route connectivity.
Canadian building code question
What are the building code requirements for accessible parking garages in Canada?
Accessible parking garages must provide barrier-free parking spaces in the required quantity, with accessible routes from parking to building entrances, appropriate signage, and minimum clearances for van-accessible spaces. The requirements apply to both surface lots and structured parking.
Parking garage accessibility is a critical compliance area that affects every commercial, institutional, and multi-unit residential project with parking. Getting the quantity, dimensions, signage, and route connectivity right requires careful attention to both the building code and provincial accessibility standards.
What to check first
- The minimum number of barrier-free parking spaces is determined by the total parking count, following ratios specified in the code.
- Accessible spaces must have minimum dimensions including additional width for van-accessible spaces.
- An accessible route must connect barrier-free parking spaces to the building entrance without barriers.
Jurisdiction notes
Provincial accessibility standards
Some provinces, notably Ontario's AODA, impose enhanced accessibility requirements for parking that exceed the NBC baseline.
Municipal requirements
Municipal zoning bylaws often specify total parking requirements and may have their own accessible parking ratios.
Work through it in this order
- Calculate the required number of barrier-free spaces based on total parking count and the applicable code.
- Design accessible spaces with minimum dimensions and van-accessible clearances where required.
- Plan the accessible route from barrier-free spaces to the building entrance with appropriate grades, curb cuts, and door clearances.
- Specify compliant signage for accessible spaces and routes.
- Verify that the accessible route is maintained in all weather conditions, including snow and ice management.
Common questions
How many accessible parking spaces are required?
The ratio depends on the total number of parking spaces and the applicable code. The NBC and provincial standards specify minimum percentages that increase with total parking count.
What is a van-accessible parking space?
A van-accessible space has additional width for side-loading ramps and increased vertical clearance to accommodate wheelchair-accessible vans.
Do accessible spaces need to be closest to the entrance?
Yes, barrier-free parking spaces must be located as close as practicable to the accessible building entrance.