National baseline
The NBC and NPC address when sump pumps are required and basic installation requirements including pit sizing and discharge.
Canadian building code question
What are the building code requirements for sump pumps in Canada?
Sump pumps are required in Canadian buildings when the foundation drainage system cannot drain by gravity to the storm or sanitary sewer. The code addresses sump pit sizing, discharge requirements, check valve installation, and in some jurisdictions, backup power provisions. Municipal by-laws often add requirements about discharge location and connection to the sewer system.
Sump pump requirements sit at the intersection of the building code and municipal by-laws. The building code covers when a sump pump is needed, how the pit should be sized, and basic discharge rules. Municipal by-laws typically control where the discharge goes and whether connection to the sanitary or storm sewer is permitted.
What to check first
- A sump pump is required when foundation drainage cannot flow by gravity to the municipal system.
- Sump pit sizing, cover requirements, and check valve installation are specified in the building and plumbing codes.
- Discharge must not be directed to the sanitary sewer in most jurisdictions. Check municipal rules for permitted discharge locations.
Jurisdiction notes
Provincial plumbing code
Provincial adoption may modify pit sizing, discharge requirements, or add specific provisions for sump pump installations.
Municipal by-laws
Municipal by-laws typically control discharge location, sewer connection rules, and may require backup power systems or battery-operated backup pumps.
Work through it in this order
- Determine whether the foundation drainage requires a sump pump based on the site grading and municipal sewer elevation.
- Size the sump pit according to the adopted plumbing code requirements.
- Confirm discharge location and connection rules with the municipality.
- Check whether backup power or a secondary pump is required by local by-laws.
Common questions
Can I discharge my sump pump to the sanitary sewer?
In most Canadian jurisdictions, no. Sump pump discharge is typically required to go to the storm sewer, dry well, or surface drainage. Check your municipal by-laws.
Is a battery backup required for a sump pump?
The base building code does not universally require it, but many municipalities now mandate backup power for sump pumps, especially in flood-prone areas.
Does the sump pit need a sealed cover?
Yes, in most jurisdictions. The cover helps prevent radon entry, sewer gas issues, and safety hazards. Specific cover requirements vary by code edition and province.