Canadian building code question

What are the building code requirements for window and door replacement in Canada?

Window and door replacements may need to meet current energy code performance ratings, maintain egress window sizing for bedrooms, comply with safety glazing requirements, and satisfy permit requirements depending on the scope of work and jurisdiction.

Window and door replacement is one of the most common home improvement projects, and the code implications depend on the scope. Like-for-like replacements in the same openings are simpler than changing window sizes or adding new openings. Energy code requirements may apply to replacement windows. Bedroom egress window sizing must be maintained or brought into compliance. Safety glazing requirements apply near doors and in hazardous locations. Permit requirements vary by municipality.

What to check first

  • Replacement windows may need to meet current energy code thermal performance ratings.
  • Bedroom windows must maintain or achieve code-compliant egress sizing.
  • Safety glazing requirements apply in hazardous locations near doors, tubs, and at grade level.

Jurisdiction notes

National baseline

The NBC sets safety glazing, egress, and structural requirements for windows and doors.

Energy code

Provincial energy codes set thermal performance ratings (U-value, SHGC) for replacement windows and doors.

Municipal permits

Some municipalities require permits for window and door replacement, especially when changing sizes or adding new openings.

Work through it in this order

  1. Determine whether the replacement is like-for-like or involves size changes or new openings.
  2. Check energy code requirements for replacement window and door thermal performance ratings.
  3. Verify that bedroom windows maintain code-compliant egress sizing after replacement.
  4. Confirm safety glazing requirements for the window or door location.

Common questions

Do I need a permit to replace windows?

Permit requirements vary by municipality. Replacing windows in the same size openings may not require a permit, but changing sizes or adding openings typically does.

Do replacement windows need to meet current energy code?

In many jurisdictions, replacement windows must meet current energy code thermal performance requirements. Check your provincial energy code.

Can I make a bedroom window smaller?

Not if it serves as the egress window for a bedroom. The replacement must maintain or achieve code-compliant egress dimensions.